POLITY | Fortune Question of the Day | Day 38 - Video

Solution: (b) (Only Options 2 and 3 are CORRECT.)
Difficulty Level: Medium
Micro Topic: Joint sitting of Parliament
Solving Strategy: Requires factual knowledge to solve the question.
Joint sitting is an extraordinary mechanism provided by the Constitution to resolve a deadlock between the two Houses of Parliament over the passage of a bill. A joint sitting of Parliament under Article 108 can be summoned only for Ordinary Bills and Financial Bills (excluding Money Bills) in case of a deadlock, and cannot be convened for Money Bills or Constitutional Amendment Bills.
Option 1 is INCORRECT. Any bill that seeks to increase or modify taxation falls under the definition of a Money Bill as per Article 110. Money Bills cannot be taken up in a joint sitting; they must be passed by the Lok Sabha, and the Rajya Sabha can only make recommendations.
Option 2 is CORRECT. The Citizenship Act is a regular legislative law, and any amendment to it is introduced as an Ordinary Bill. Since it does not amend the Constitution or involve financial matters requiring a Money Bill, it can be referred to a joint sitting in case of a deadlock between the two Houses.
Option 3 is CORRECT. The creation of the All-India Judicial Service, is not a Constitutional Amendment Bill. Under Article 312, the process is initiated by the Rajya Sabha, which must pass a resolution by a two-thirds majority declaring the service necessary in the national interest. Following this, Parliament enacts the law through an Ordinary Bill passed by a simple majority in both Houses. Since the law is ordinary in nature, it is eligible for a joint sitting of Parliament to resolve any deadlock between the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.
Option 4 is INCORRECT. The composition and functioning of the GST Council are defined under Article 279A, a constitutional provision. Any bill seeking to alter it is therefore a Constitutional Amendment Bill, which requires separate approval by both Houses. As a result, it is not eligible for a joint sitting.
Source:
Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth, Sixth Edition, Chapter 22, Page No: 22.24
https://www.constitutionofindia.net/articles/article-312-all-india-services/
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